
In late February 2026, a US-Israeli military operation against Iran rapidly escalated into a full-scale conflict that disrupted global energy markets, threatened critical infrastructure, and sent shockwaves through the world economy. This timeline tracks the conflict's development from failed nuclear negotiations through expanding military strikes that closed the Strait of Hormuz and triggered a global supply crisis.
15 events · 0 days · 30 source articles
Nuclear negotiations between Washington and Tehran concluded with no breakthrough, setting the stage for escalation. Following the failure, the US began significantly increasing its military presence in the region, deploying over 150 aircraft to bases in Europe and the Middle East.
A third and final round of nuclear talks between Iran and the United States in Geneva failed under the Trump administration. This diplomatic failure was viewed as the last chance to prevent military confrontation and marked the point of no return toward armed conflict.
The United States and Israel initiated coordinated missile attacks on Iran, marking the outbreak of war. The initial strikes targeted and killed Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei along with several senior officials, representing a dramatic escalation in Middle East tensions.
Iran responded swiftly with retaliatory strikes that rapidly spread the conflict across the region. Iranian forces launched missile and drone attacks on multiple countries, hitting key embassies, economic infrastructure, and military targets. The counterattacks resulted in casualties and forced the cancellation of tens of thousands of flights.
Maritime traffic through the Strait of Hormuz, which handles one-fifth of the world's oil and natural gas supply, came to a near-complete halt as ship captains feared Iranian attacks. The closure immediately disrupted global supply chains for energy and vital daily goods, triggering concerns about prolonged economic impact.
A UAE-flagged tugboat experienced an explosion that sparked a fire before sinking in the Strait of Hormuz on Friday. Three Indonesian crew members went missing, and local authorities launched an investigation into the incident, which further discouraged maritime traffic through the critical waterway.
A US airstrike damaged a desalination plant on Iran's Qeshm Island, marking what Iran's Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi called a dangerous precedent of targeting critical civilian infrastructure. Such facilities are essential for drinking water supplies in the region's desert environment.
Israeli forces launched a significant strike on oil storage facilities in Tehran, sending pillars of fire into the night sky that were visible across the capital. This appeared to be the first time civilian industrial infrastructure was directly targeted in the conflict. The Israeli Air Force stated the facilities were used to support military operations.
Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps retaliated by striking Israel's Haifa refinery with Kheibarshekan missiles in response to attacks on Iranian energy infrastructure. The IRGC confirmed the attack through its official news outlet, escalating the targeting of energy facilities on both sides.
Iranian military forces used drones to strike the American Camp Arifjan base in Kuwait, along with ammunition depots, air defense systems, and targets in the Israeli cities of Haifa and Tel Aviv. Two Kuwaiti border guards were killed when missiles and drones hit Kuwait, demonstrating the widening scope of the conflict.
Iranian forces attacked a desalination plant in Bahrain, following the US precedent of targeting water infrastructure. The strike on critical civilian infrastructure in a Gulf ally heightened regional tensions and demonstrated Iran's willingness to expand the conflict's geographic scope.
Israel struck southern Lebanon and Beirut early Sunday morning, killing 12 people according to the Lebanese health ministry. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu delivered an ominous warning that he had 'many surprises' planned for the next phase of the conflict, suggesting further escalation ahead.
Iraq's oil production plummeted by approximately 60% due to the shortage of available tankers caused by the Strait of Hormuz closure. The dramatic production cut added to global supply disruptions and contributed to rising oil prices, compounding the war's economic impact.
Oil prices broke through the $90 barrier as multiple Gulf nations were forced to cut production due to the inability to export through the blocked Strait of Hormuz. Saudi Aramco shares surged the most since May 2023, while analysts warned of prolonged market chaos and potential for weeks or months of elevated fuel prices.
The conflict's economic impact extended far beyond energy markets, affecting commodities from fertilizer to saffron. China faced critical shortages of sulphur for fertilizer production during spring planting season, while investors questioned companies about disruptions to products ranging from pharmaceuticals to footbath packs. Hong Kong firms began recalibrating their global operations, pivoting to Europe or Southeast Asia to de-risk portfolios.