
In late February 2026, the United States and Israel launched a coordinated military operation against Iran following escalating tensions in the Middle East. What began as strikes on military targets evolved into a full-scale conflict involving attacks on oil infrastructure, regional spillover into Lebanon and Gulf states, and a leadership crisis in Tehran. This timeline tracks the nine-day war from its outbreak to the unfolding humanitarian and geopolitical crisis.
15 events · 0 days · 30 source articles
The United States and Israel initiated coordinated strikes against Iran, targeting military installations across major Iranian cities including Tehran. This marked the beginning of what would become a sustained military campaign. Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei was killed in the initial strikes, triggering a leadership crisis in the Islamic Republic.
Iran launched missile and drone strikes that hit neighboring Gulf countries, expanding the conflict beyond its borders. These attacks struck multiple regional states, including Cyprus, causing civilian casualties and prompting international condemnation. The attacks occurred as Tehran struggled to organize its defense following the death of its supreme leader.
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian issued an apology for the missile and drone strikes that hit friendly neighboring Gulf countries, stating Tehran had no intention of targeting them. Pezeshkian signaled openness to regional de-escalation on the condition that neighbors not allow their territory to be used for attacks against Iran. This gesture represented a brief diplomatic opening amid the escalating conflict.
The United Kingdom blocked the United States from using British military bases to launch attacks against Iran, creating a diplomatic rift in the historically close U.S.-UK relationship. President Trump publicly criticized British Prime Minister Keir Starmer for this decision, stating he would 'remember' the lack of British support. This marked a significant strain in the 'special relationship' between the two allies.
Israeli forces expanded their military operations beyond Iran to target Hezbollah positions in Lebanon. The strikes hit multiple cities and villages across southern Lebanon and began targeting the capital region. Lebanese authorities reported mounting casualties as Israel sought to eliminate Iranian-allied forces in the country.
The Trump administration began discussing the possibility of sending special forces into Iran to secure the country's highly enriched nuclear stockpile at a later stage of the war. This represented a potential escalation from purely aerial operations to boots on the ground, though no final decision was announced. The discussions reflected growing U.S. concerns about Iran's nuclear capabilities.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared that Israel would continue the war 'with all our force' and promised to 'eradicate the regime' in Tehran. He claimed Israel controlled 'almost entirely the sky above Tehran' and had 'a methodical plan with many surprises' to achieve regime change. Netanyahu also warned Lebanon it must disarm Hezbollah or face 'disastrous consequences.'
President Trump told reporters aboard Air Force One that he was not interested in negotiating with Iran, suggesting the war could reach a stage where Tehran would have no leadership left to negotiate with. 'At some point, I don't think there will be anybody left maybe to say, We surrender,' Trump stated, signaling U.S. intent for complete military victory rather than a diplomatic settlement.
Israeli forces struck a hotel in Beirut, killing four people in one of the deadliest single attacks in Lebanon during the conflict. The strike marked an escalation of Israeli operations in the Lebanese capital. By this point, Lebanese authorities had counted 294 deaths and over 1,000 wounded across the country since the war began.
U.S. and Israeli forces conducted major strikes against petroleum infrastructure in Tehran and its environs, targeting four oil depots and a logistics facility for petroleum products. The attacks killed four employees and caused massive fires that plunged Tehran into darkness during daylight hours. This marked a strategic shift from purely military targets to economic infrastructure, crossing what many observers called a 'red line.'
Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi accused President Trump of effectively ending Tehran's pledge not to target neighboring countries. Araghchi stated that President Pezeshkian's earlier gesture toward regional de-escalation was undermined when Washington used regional bases to attack Iran, despite Iran's conditions. This marked Iran's formal rejection of further diplomatic overtures.
Israeli forces conducted a drone strike targeting Iranian Quds Force commanders in central Beirut, the first strike within the city limits since hostilities resumed. The Israeli military stated the commanders were operating to advance terror attacks against Israel. This represented a significant expansion of targeting from Hezbollah to direct Iranian military leadership in Lebanon.
Iran's Assembly of Experts completed the selection of a new supreme leader to replace Ayatollah Khamenei, though the name of the chosen successor was not immediately announced publicly. Members confirmed that 'the most appropriate candidate, approved by the majority' had been designated. The selection occurred under extraordinary wartime circumstances as the country faced its gravest crisis in decades.
The Iranian Revolutionary Guards announced that Iran's armed forces were 'capable of continuing at least six months of intense war at the current pace of operations.' Spokesperson Ali Mohammad Naini promised 'attacks of a new style' using 'long-range, advanced and less-used missiles' with 'more painful and precise targeted strikes' in the coming days, signaling Iran's determination to continue fighting despite heavy losses.
International leaders intensified calls for ending the conflict as oil prices spiked and global economic consequences mounted. Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi called for immediate cessation of military operations, stating the war 'should not have happened and brings no benefit to anyone.' Arab League Secretary General Ahmed Aboul Gheit condemned Iran's attacks on Gulf states while Pope Leo XIV prayed for dialogue. Oil prices had reached nearly $92 per barrel before settling at $87.