
In late February 2026, the United States and Israel launched military strikes against Iran based on disputed nuclear weapons allegations, triggering a regional conflict with widespread economic and political repercussions. This timeline tracks the war's progression from its initial strikes through Iran's leadership transition and the global market upheaval that followed.
13 events · 2 days · 30 source articles
The United States and Israel initiated coordinated military attacks on Iran, justified by President Trump's claims that Iran refused to renounce nuclear weapons. The assault targeted nuclear facilities and military infrastructure, despite international inspectors having debunked allegations about Iran's weapons of mass destruction program. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi reiterated Iran's long-standing policy against nuclear weapons.
U.S. and Israeli forces killed Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei along with dozens of senior Iranian officials and Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps commanders. The death of Khamenei, who had led Iran for decades under the Velayat-e-Faqih doctrine, represented a profound political shock to the country's leadership structure and threw Iran into political uncertainty.
Israeli and American forces targeted four fuel depots in Tehran and Alborz provinces, causing explosions that released toxic hydrocarbons, sulfur, and nitrogen oxides into the air. The Iranian Red Crescent Society warned residents not to leave their homes and to use filtered medical masks for protection due to serious health risks from the toxic clouds.
Iran's Revolutionary Guards announced that the country's forces could sustain an intense war for six months against the United States and Israel. As the conflict entered its second week, regional repercussions escalated dramatically, with attacks spreading beyond Iran's borders and threatening critical energy infrastructure throughout the Middle East.
Israel conducted a strike on a seaside hotel in central Beirut, targeting Tehran's commanders and expanding the geographic scope of the conflict into Lebanon. This attack demonstrated the war's spillover effects across the region and Israel's pursuit of Iranian military leadership beyond Iran's borders.
The conflict's regional repercussions spiraled as Saudi Arabia intercepted a wave of drones headed for targets including the diplomatic quarter in Riyadh, while Kuwait reported that an attack hit fuel tanks at its international airport. These incidents demonstrated Iran's ability to strike across the region despite ongoing U.S. and Israeli military operations.
Kuwait's national oil company announced a cut in crude production due to threats to the Strait of Hormuz, where a fifth of the world's oil and gas transits. This development compounded fears over energy supplies and signaled the war's immediate impact on global oil markets, with experts noting the conflict could disrupt oil supplies more severely than during the 1980s Iran-Iraq War.
Oil prices climbed above $100 per barrel as the war's impact on global energy supplies became apparent. European stock markets suffered severe losses, with Milan down 6.5%, Paris down 6.8%, and Frankfurt down 6.9%. The surge in oil prices triggered concerns about inflation, stagflation, and potential collapse of the American financial system according to some analysts.
Financial markets dramatically reversed forecasts for UK interest rate cuts, with investors now predicting the Bank of England would hold rates at 3.75% for the remainder of 2026 and possibly raise them to 4% in 2027. Before the war began, an 80% probability of a rate cut in March had been expected, but markets now indicated a 99% probability of holding rates steady.
European Union finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss responding to soaring energy prices and anticipated inflation following the Middle East attacks. French Economy Minister Roland Lescure indicated the G7 was prepared to adopt coordinated measures to stabilize markets, including accumulating strategic reserves, though no agreement on releasing reserves had yet been reached.
A committee of Iran's top clerics selected Mojtaba Khamenei, son of the slain Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, as the country's next Supreme Leader. This leadership transition during a major regional conflict introduced additional uncertainty into Iran's political landscape and raised questions about continuity of the regime's policies and war strategy.
Kamal Kharazi, foreign policy adviser to Iran's Supreme Leader, stated there was no room for diplomacy with the United States and that the Iranian army was ready for a long war. Iran appeared to be pursuing a strategy of prolonged conflict through sustained, graduated missile and drone launches designed to produce attrition rather than seeking a decisive single blow.
As the war entered its second week, experts and analysts raised pressing questions about the lack of a clear U.S. exit strategy from the conflict. Comparisons to the 2003 Iraq invasion intensified, with critics noting the war was launched on disputed WMD claims and without apparent planning for post-conflict scenarios. President Trump suggested the war could be short-lived while leaving open the possibility of escalation.