NewsWorld
PredictionsDigestsScorecardTimelinesArticles
NewsWorld
HomePredictionsDigestsScorecardTimelinesArticlesWorldTechnologyPoliticsBusiness
AI-powered predictive news aggregation© 2026 NewsWorld. All rights reserved.
Trending
IranMilitaryFebruaryStrikesLaunchesTimelineDiplomaticCompaniesDigestPakistanSaturdayStatesPolicyNuclearFederalIsraelTurkeyTrumpDealDrugCongressionalProtectionsGovernmentParamount
IranMilitaryFebruaryStrikesLaunchesTimelineDiplomaticCompaniesDigestPakistanSaturdayStatesPolicyNuclearFederalIsraelTurkeyTrumpDealDrugCongressionalProtectionsGovernmentParamount
All Articles
Latency numbers every programmer should know
Hacker News
Published about 6 hours ago

Latency numbers every programmer should know

Hacker News · Feb 28, 2026 · Collected from RSS

Summary

Article URL: https://cheat.sh/latency Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47194781 Points: 18 # Comments: 5

Full Article

# Latency numbers every programmer should know 1ns Main memory reference: Send 2,000 bytes Read 1,000,000 bytes â–—â–– 100ns over commodity network: 5ns sequentially from SSD: â–—â–– â–— 12.245us L1 cache reference: 1ns â–— â–—â–– 1.0us SSD random read: 16.0us â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–— Disk seek: 1.649384ms Branch mispredict: 3ns â–—â––â–— â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– Read 1,000,000 bytes Compress 1KB wth Snappy: sequentially from memory: Read 1,000,000 bytes L2 cache reference: 4ns 2.0us 741ns sequentially from disk: â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–— 358.968us â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–— Mutex lock/unlock: 16ns Round trip â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– in same datacenter: 500.0us Packet roundtrip â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–— 10.0us = â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– CA to Netherlands: 150.0ms â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– 100ns = â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– 1.0ms = â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– # [github.com/chubin/late.nz] [MIT License] â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– # Console port of "Jeff Dean's latency numbers" â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– # from [github.com/colin-scott/interactive_latencies] â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â––â–—â–– $ Follow @igor_chubin cheat.sh late.nz

Share this story
Read Original at Hacker News

Related Articles

Hacker Newsabout 2 hours ago
Verified Spec-Driven Development (VSDD)

Article URL: https://gist.github.com/dollspace-gay/d8d3bc3ecf4188df049d7a4726bb2a00 Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47197595 Points: 19 # Comments: 6

Hacker Newsabout 2 hours ago
The whole thing was a scam

Article URL: https://garymarcus.substack.com/p/the-whole-thing-was-scam Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47197505 Points: 33 # Comments: 2

Hacker Newsabout 3 hours ago
Obsidian Sync now has a headless client

Article URL: https://help.obsidian.md/sync/headless Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47197267 Points: 94 # Comments: 32

Hacker Newsabout 3 hours ago
Show HN: SQLite for Rivet Actors – one database per agent, tenant, or document

Hey HN! We posted Rivet Actors here previously [1] as an open-source alternative to Cloudflare Durable Objects. Today we've released SQLite storage for actors (Apache 2.0). Every actor gets its own SQLite database. This means you can have millions of independent databases: one for each agent, tenant, user, or document. Useful for: - AI agents: per-agent DB for message history, state, embeddings - Multi-tenant SaaS: real per-tenant isolation, no RLS hacks - Collaborative documents: each document gets its own database with built-in multiplayer - Per-user databases: isolated, scales horizontally, runs at the edge The idea of splitting data per entity isn't new: Cassandra and DynamoDB use partition keys to scale horizontally, but you're stuck with rigid schemas ("single-table design" [3]), limited queries, and painful migrations. SQLite per entity gives you the same scalability without those tradeoffs [2]. How this compares: - Cloudflare Durable Objects & Agents: most similar to Rivet Actors with colocated SQLite and compute, but closed-source and vendor-locked - Turso Cloud: Great platform, but closed-source + diff use case. Clients query over the network, so reads are slow or stale. Rivet's single-writer actor model keeps reads local and fresh. - D1, Turso (the DB), Litestream, rqlite, LiteFS: great tools for running a single SQLite database with replication. Rivet is for running lots of isolated databases. Under the hood, SQLite runs in-process with each actor. A custom VFS persists writes to HA storage (FoundationDB or Postgres). Rivet Actors also provide realtime (WebSockets), React integration (useActor), horizontal scalability, and actors that sleep when idle. GitHub: https://github.com/rivet-dev/rivet Docs: https://www.rivet.dev/docs/actors/sqlite/ [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42472519 [2] https://rivet.dev/blog/2025-02-16-sqlite-on-the-server-is-mi... [3] https://www.alexdebrie.com/posts/dynamodb-single-table/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.

Hacker Newsabout 3 hours ago
Cognitive Debt: When Velocity Exceeds Comprehension

Article URL: https://www.rockoder.com/beyondthecode/cognitive-debt-when-velocity-exceeds-comprehension/ Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47196582 Points: 197 # Comments: 79

Hacker Newsabout 4 hours ago
Show HN: Rust-powered document chunker for RAG – 40x faster, O(1) memory

I built a document chunking library for RAG pipelines with a Rust core and Python bindings. The problem: LangChain's chunker is pure Python and becomes a bottleneck at scale — slow and memory-hungry on large document sets. What Krira Chunker does differently: - Rust-native processing — 40x faster than LangChain's implementation - O(1) space complexity — memory stays flat regardless of document size - Drop-in Python API — works with any existing RAG pipeline - Production-ready — 17 versions shipped, 315+ installs pip install krira-augment Would love brutal feedback from anyone building RAG systems — what chunking problems are you running into that this doesn't solve yet? Comments URL: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47196069 Points: 4 # Comments: 0